EMISSIONS CONTROL

Vehicle emissions control is the study of reducing the motor vehicle emissions produced especially in internal combustion engines. Emissions of many air pollutants have been shown to have variety of negative effects on public health and the natural environment. The principal pollutants include hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), oxides from nitrogen NOX (NO + NO2), sulfur oxide (SOX) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are subsection of hydrocarbons. In an ideal of 100% efficient internal combustion engine, the fuel would burn to give just carbon dioxide and water vapor. In practice, engines are far from efficient and the combustion process produces the above pollutants as well as carbon dioxide and water vapor. In recent years, public concern about atmospheric pollution and imminent pollution-control laws, has fed to car manufacturers to find ways of reducing the level of these gases in car exhausts. The two basic approaches are to use lean-burn engines or attaching catalytic converters to the exhaust system. The latter approach is the older of the two systems. The first approach is to produce a leaner mixture, namely to reduce the proportion of fuel in the fuel/air mixture entering the engine. For this category, De Lorenzo has designed two simulators that deal with the study of the techniques used for the reduction of the noxious emissions in the vehicle and of the devices and/or the systems used for controlling and reducing the emissions of gasoline engines. One of them is provided with an electric motor simulating a real engine, with phonic wheel and magnetic sensor for position and rotation speed. A fault simulator, for troubleshooting, is provided in both simulators and they can be interfaced to personal computer through a CAI software. They are recommended for professional institutes, vocational schools and technical colleges.